India; officially the Republic of India is located in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world.
So why, with it's democratic credentials, is India in the US's minor league, while Islams' basket-cases, bating way back in the dark ages (and one giant pain in the arse for the democracies of the world), are found in the major? Yeah as we all know ...it's that old black gold again.
India: Whether it's the great philosophies, art or the sciences, India is indeed a hard act to follow.
Some of the areas of mathematics studied in ancient and medieval India include the following:
(Photos: Copyright Control).
For much more on India, a good place to start: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India
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| Flag of India. |
India: Whether it's the great philosophies, art or the sciences, India is indeed a hard act to follow.
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| A 6th centary cave painting. India...everything Islam isn't! |
- Arithmetic: Decimal system, Negative numbers (see Brahmagupta), Zero (see Hindu numeral system), Binary numeral system, the modern positional notation numeral system, Floating point numbers (see Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics), Number theory,Infinity (see Yajur Veda), Transfinite numbers
- Geometry: Square roots (see Bakhshali approximation), Cube roots (see Mahavira), Pythagorean triples (see Sulba Sutras; Baudhayanaand Apastamba state the Pythagorean theorem without proof), Transformation (see Panini), Pascal's triangle (see Pingala)
- Algebra: Quadratic equations (see Sulba Sutras, Aryabhata, and Brahmagupta), Cubic equations and Quartic equations (biquadratic equations) (see Mahavira andBhāskara II)
- Mathematical logic: Formal grammars, formal language theory, the Panini–Backus form (see Panini), Recursion (see Panini)
- General mathematics: Fibonacci numbers (see Pingala), Earliest forms of Morse code (see Pingala), infinite series, Logarithms, indices (see Jaina mathematics),Algorithms, Algorism (see Aryabhata and Brahmagupta)
- Trigonometry: Trigonometric functions (see Surya Siddhanta and Aryabhata), Trigonometric series (see Madhava and Kerala school)
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(Photos: Copyright Control).
For much more on India, a good place to start: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India
